PRACTICAL TECHNIQUES & KNOW-HOW FOR MAKING & MEASURING IN THE LABORATORY & WORKSHOP

ALL MATERIAL COPYRIGHT KEVIN SCOTT 2011. LINKS TO THIS SITE ARE WELCOME BUT DO NOT COPY MATERIAL FROM THIS SITE TO ANY OTHER WEBPAGE.

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THE SCHEMATIC FOR A 3-AXIS STEPPER MOTOR CONTROLLER BASED ON THE TB6560 CONTROLLER

On this page, passing the cursor over the diagram below will generate a magnifier to observe details of the drawings. Using the mouse wheel the magnification can be varied. To give sufficient resolution to make the drawings useful, they need to be fairly large files and will take a few moments to load.

The Board

The Schematic

The photograph above shows a generic 3-axis stepper controller board designed round the TB6560 controller/bridge driver from Toshiba. Regrettably, although purchased new, it was supplied with no data except for the TB6560 datasheet. Probably used via the parallel port under the CNC control software Mach 3, it would have worked satisfactorily, but it was required to interface to an embedded PC via a General Purpose I/O port, so the pin definitions were essential. The simplest way of getting these was by reverse engineering the PCB, and the results of this process are published here. The Schematic obtained by careful visual inspection and by continuity tests is shown below. The image has sufficient resolution to provide the necessary information to the user of the board, but, even with the help of the magnifying cursor, may not be studied very easily on the screen. Accordingly, the PDF of the drawing can be downloaded here, or the full size image examined in via a web page here. The datasheet for the TB6560 can be downloaded here

Circuit Description

The circuit is conventional. Control signals from the parallel port are applied to the 8 bit wide bus and in addition, some bi-directional control lines are also used. Four lines are used to return homing or limit switch information back to the host computer. The four limit switches can be attached to connector PL2 and are active low.
The input lines are pulled down by 6.8M resistors, probably intended to provide some anti-static resistance. All traffic to and from the parallel port is optically isolated by a combination of the 74HC14 inverters and thePC817 opto-isolators. Thereafter the signals are applied to the enable, clockwise/counterclockwise, and clock controls of the three TB6065AHQs. Other options are selectable in hardware via the DIP switches which are controlled as follows:


MOTOR CURRENT SWITCH 1 SWITCH 2
100% ON ON
75% ON OFF
50% OFF ON
25% OFF OFF

DECAY MODE SWITCH 3 SWITCH 4
FAST ON ON
25% DECAY ON OFF
50% DECAY OFF ON
100% DECAY OFF OFF

MICROSTEPPING SWITCH 5 SWITCH 6
1 ON ON
1/2 ON OFF
1/16 OFF ON
1/8 OFF OFF

Other features of the circuit include the connector PL3 which can be fitted with jumpers to force pins 16 and 17 of the parallel port low. A relay RL1 and the associated transistor Q1 provide control of a high current to a further motor if required. The three CLOCK signals CLK1, CLK2 & CLK3 are monitored by Q3, Q4, & Q5 driving three LEDS D21, D25, & D31. These are visible on the top surface of the board near the power supply heat sink. Two other LEDs show the presence of the 5V and 12V supplies. A 15pin D socket and a SIL header provide access to signal points at ZA - ZJ on the schematic. These are probably intended to drive a proprietary display/control device but the author has no information on this at present.
The Schematic provides sufficient information to enable the stepper controller to be driven from any computer or microcontroller.